Above: A Composite View of the Horwood Map 

Below: Pages from the Left Side (West London) to the Middle of the Map (Central and South London) (minus the far left row)

Below: Pages to the Right (East and South London) of Page  25 above. 

Below: Images from the pages on the right side (West London) of the Horwood Map (minus the farthest row).

118 Baptist Congregations 

Meeting in Greater London, c. 1800-1830

1. 1. Alfred Place was formed in 1820 from a group previously affiliated with East Street who left after the church’s dispute with Joseph Jenkins.  William Young (1791-1867) led the congregation from 1821 to 1866. Young was one of the ministers who signed A Letter to the Right Honble Lord Holland, occasioned by the Petition from the General Body of the Dissenting Ministers of London, for the Relief of the Roman Catholics (London: Holdsworth and Ball, 1829), p. 13.

   2. Alie [Alyliffe] Street, Great, adjacent to Goodman’s Fields, was also known at this time as the Zoar Chapel. It was an old chapel (used by Presbyterians in the early 1700s). It became home to a small Particular Baptist group in 1807 led by John Bailey (1778-1830), who remained there until 1824, when he was succeeded by George Washington Wilks from 1826 to 1832.

   3. Alyliffe Street, Little, just to the east of Goodman’s Fields, was led by William Shenston[e] (1774-1833), from 1798 until his death in 1833.

   4. Artillery Lane [Street] (by the Horwood 1819 map, “Street” is used instead of “Lane,” although the original language has had a long shelf life, and is still in use by Google maps of London to this day), Shoreditch, Bishopsgate, was home to a Baptist meeting c. 1811-1813 that had left Goodman’s Fields upon the death of its minister, William Stephens. In June 1813 Whitley (96) notes that [Solomon?] Young from Edinburgh was ordained minister, “then silence,” a typical Whitley expression. Young died in 1827, and in 1831 a Baptist group continued at Artillery Lane led by George Moyle, who brought his congregation from Providence Chapel, Featherstone Court, to Artillery Lane that year, remaining there until 1847. Moyle’s congregation appears to have been joined by other Baptists in 1838 and 1841, all meeting in a chapel located on the east side of Artillery Lane at No. 10 (now no. 41) (see British History Online at https://www.british-history.ac.uk/survey-london/vol27/pp24-38#fnn125). According to the Baptist Magazine (1835, p. 558, C. B. Woodman came to Artillery Lane in 1835, but it may have been a different congregation than Moyles, but hard to know for certain. Moyle was not listed in the 1835 Baptist Magazine. Moyle left Artillery Street in 1847 for Rye Lane, in Peckham, remaining there until his death 1877 at the age of 74. The congregation in Artillery Street continued. It also appears, according to Breed, that Moyle was also leading a group in Cumberland Street in 1836. A new group arrived led by James W. Massie, who called the chapel ” in 1856 (according to Cruchley’s Picture of London in 1834, p. 78, and the Metropolitan Ecclesiastical Directory for 1835, p. 173, the congregation was already known as Ebenezer Chapel and listed under Shoreditch, with no minister listed). It may be that the Baptist group shared the chapel with an Independent congregation between 1856 and 1860. In 1861 the chapel became home to a Baptist group from Zetland Hall, Mansell Street, who remained there until 1895, when they joined the congregation in Commercial Street. In 1876 a group that had originally been a part of Hanserd Knollys’s congregation in the Old Artillery Ground prior to 1660 began meeting in Artillery Lane, but it appears they did not meet in the same chapel as the group that came from Zetland Hall.  This latter group remained at the Artillery Lane chapel until 1876. After 1895, the Baptists would no longer have a presence in Artillery Lane.

   5. Battersea, York Road, was formed as an official Baptist meeting in 1797, though Baptists had been meeting there unofficially for decades, mainly under the leadership of Jonathan Brown, brother of Joseph Brown (1730-1803), the General Baptist minister at Southwark and other locations, including his final location at Church Street, Deptford. Jonathan Brown served a group at Battersea from 1756-1796. In 1797, the formed as a Particular Baptist congregation under the leadership of its new minister, Joseph Hughes (1769-1833), who remained at Battersea until his death in 1833. Hughes was one of the ministers who signed A Letter to the Right Honble Lord Holland, occasioned by the Petition from the General Body of the Dissenting Ministers of London, for the Relief of the Roman Catholics in 1829 (London: Holdsworth and Ball, 1829), p. 13.

   6. Battersea Fields was formed as a New Connection General Baptist congregation in 1802 by John Kingsford (1770-1855). He removed to Commercial Street in 1821, but his Calvinist tendencies created difficulties with his position among the New Connexion General Baptists. The congregation had disbanded by 1831.

   7. Battle Bridge (King’s Cross today), a church was formed in 1793 and led by Timothy Sowerby from 1794 to its eventual demise c. 1813. It was located just to the east of the Smallpox Hospital at the end of Maiden Lane in a building that came to be known as Trinity Chapel all of which was destroyed when the train station was built at King’s Cross.

   8. Bermondsey, Dockhead, became the location of a Baptist meeting c. 1821. William Dovey (fl. 1823-60) came from Short’s Gardens near Covent Garden in 1827 and remained as minister until 1846. Dovey was one of the ministers who signed A Letter to the Right Honble Lord Holland, occasioned by the Petition from the General Body of the Dissenting Ministers of London, for the Relief of the Roman Catholics (London: Holdsworth and Ball, 1829), p. 13.

   9. Bermondsey, West Lane, later called Jamaica Row, was formed in 1760 by Richard Hutchings  [Hutchins] (d. 1804). In 1772 he removed to London Street in Greenwich. Samuel Rowles (1743-1820) ministered there from 1776 to 1783; John Dunkin (1753-1827), a lay preacher, formerly a deacon at Gainsford Street, was there c. 1792-1804, followed by George Phillips (1751-1833). W. Norris led the congregation from 1823 to 1827. William Dovey (fl. 1823-60) moved his congregation from Dockhead to West Lane in 1831 and united with the former congregation.

   10. Blackfriars, Church Street (Surrey Road, Southwark), was originally founded by James Upton (1760-1834) in Green Walk, Southwark, in 1785. In 1801 the congregation moved to Church Street. Upton remained as minister until his death in 1834, when he was succeeded by his assistant, Joseph Davis (1807-81). Upton was one of the ministers who signed A Letter to the Right Honble Lord Holland, occasioned by the Petition from the General Body of the Dissenting Ministers of London, for the Relief of the Roman Catholics (London: Holdsworth and Ball, 1829), p. 13.

   11. Blandford Street, near Manchester Square, Marylebone, was formed c. 1793, with Joseph Jenkins (1743-1819) becoming the first stated minister in 1795. Upon his removal to East Street, Jenkins was succeeded by John Keeble (1760-1824) in 1798, who remained until his death in 1824. He was succeeded by Jabez Dawson (1826-34). Dawson was one of the ministers who signed A Letter to the Right Honble Lord Holland, occasioned by the Petition from the General Body of the Dissenting Ministers of London, for the Relief of the Roman Catholics (London: Holdsworth and Ball, 1829), p. 14. Dawson was succeeded by William Blackwell Bowes (1803-58) in 1835.

   12. Bow Road, Old Ford, near Stepney and Mile End, was organized in 1785 by John Knott (1754-1818) from Chatham (he maintained both congregations for several years). William Newman (1773-1835) assumed pastoral duties in 1793, remaining in that capacity until his death in 1835; he was succeeded by William Norton (1812-90) from 1836 to 1841 and Andrew Gunton Fuller (1799-1884), the son of Andrew Fuller of Kettering, from 1841 to 1845. Whitley incorrectly places this chapel on Bow Road in Poplar, but that was a Methodist chapel. Newman was one of the ministers who signed A Letter to the Right Honble Lord Holland, occasioned by the Petition from the General Body of the Dissenting Ministers of London, for the Relief of the Roman Catholics in 1829 (London: Holdsworth and Ball, 1829), p. 13.

   13. Brentford Park was formed in 1799 through the work of John Sandys (d. 1803), who had previously been at West End in Hammersmith. Sandys did not remain long at Brentford, succeeded by Moses Fisher (1775-1840), who officially formed the church in April 1802. The congregation moved to a chapel on Market Place in 1808. Fisher remained there until 1806. William Groser, Sr., ministered there from 1819 to 1824. He was replaced by John Thomas, who was followed by William Ragsdell in 1831.

   14. Brentford, North Road, was formed in 1819, with David Jones from Hereford serving as the initial minister in 1820 (he later served at the Welsh Baptist chapel in Eldon Street, Moorfields, c. 1837). David Jones was succeeded by John Andrews Jones (1779-1868) in 1827, who was in turn succeeded by Charles Robinson in 1832. J. A. Jones later served at Mitchell Street from 1831 to 1866.

   15. Brewer Street was led from 1810 to 1821 by Andrew Smith (1778-1859), but the congregation appears to have dissolved by 1823. A group led by Richard Burnham (1749-1810), having previously met in Soho in Edward Street and in Grafton Street after the departure of John Martin (1741-1820), also met in Brewer Street prior to Smith; Burnham moved his congregation to Keppel Street in 1795.  After his death in 1810, John Stevens (1776-1847) came from Boston to became the pastor, moving a group to York Street in 1813 and then to his massive chapel in Meard’s Court, off Wardour Street, in 1824.

   16. Burton Street, St. Pancras, 1817-22. In 1817 William Belsher (1765-1849) organized a congregation in Burton Street Buildings. In 1822 he took his congregation to nearby Henrietta Street. At that time a new group formed in Burton Street led by John Edwards, a graduate of Bradford Academy who had formerly been at Little Wild Street. Edwards left in 1826 for Watford and was succeeded in 1827 by Thomas Blundell Jr. (1786-1861). He left in 1828 to become a chaplain at the Mill Hill School, which resulted in the Burton Street congregation disbanding. While at Watford, Edwards was one of the ministers who signed A Letter to the Right Honble Lord Holland, occasioned by the Petition from the General Body of the Dissenting Ministers of London, for the Relief of the Roman Catholics (London: Holdsworth and Ball, 1829), p. 13.

   17. Burton Crescent [Street] (No. 4), St. Pancras, became home to a General Baptists (Unitarian) congregation in 1832. How long it continued is uncertain, but it was still listed in Cruchley’s Picture of London in 1834 (p. 78).  According to the Metropolitan Ecclesiastical Directory for 1835, the minister at that time was Benjamin Mardon (1792-1866), who also served as minister at Worship Street from 1828 to 1844, succeeding John Evans. This work is not listed in Whitley.

   18. Buttesland Street was led in 1835 by J. Rothery (Baptist Magazine, p. 558).

   19. Camberwell, Coldharbour Lane, was formed in 1805 by Jonathan Carr, remaining a functioning chapel until c. 1825.

   20. Camberwell, Peckham, Rye Lane, was formed in 1818 and led by Thomas Powell, Jr. (d. 1846), from 1819 to 1846, but not recognized, according to Whitley, as a Particular Baptist congregation. Powell was one of the ministers who signed A Letter to the Right Honble Lord Holland, occasioned by the Petition from the General Body of the Dissenting Ministers of London, for the Relief of the Roman Catholics in 1829 (London: Holdsworth and Ball, 1829), p. 13.

   21. Camberwell Street, Denmark Place, South London, was formed in 1823 and led by Edward Steane (1798-1882) until 1862; the congregation moved to Coldharbour Lane in 1825 where Jonathan Carr had erected a Baptist chapel c. 1805.  Steane was one of the ministers who signed A Letter to the Right Honble Lord Holland, occasioned by the Petition from the General Body of the Dissenting Ministers of London, for the Relief of the Roman Catholics (London: Holdsworth and Ball, 1829), p. 13.

   22. Cateaton Street (modern day Gresham Street just to the north of Cheapside at King Street) was the site of a 7th day Baptist meeting led in 1823 by Samuel Stennett (1780-1841) (and William Jones) prior to his short-lived stay at Parliament Court in 1824-25. A few congregations of Scotch Baptists moved around considerably between the late 1780s and the 1840s, located at various times at Red Lion Square, Store Street, Glovers’ Hall, Meetinghouse Alley (1797-c. 1810), and Cumberland Street (1821). Later locations include Founders’ Hall (1829), Gee Street near Goswell Road (1831), Windmill Street, and Buttesland Street in 1835. By the second half of the nineteenth century, two groups remained, one at Artillery Street and the other at Gee Street. Other figures involved include J. Winning, Hunter, and Joseph Rothery (1795-1876).

   23. Chelsea, North Street, Knightsbridge, was formed around 1800. The congregation was served by Charles Collins in 1811 and James Middleton from 1812 to 1827. The congregation settled in the old Independent chapel in North Street, in 1816. The church appears to have disbanded by 1831.

   24. Chelsea, College Street, had a Baptist work there in 1834, according to Cruchley’s Picture of London (1834), p. 78. According to the Metropolitan Ecclesiastical Directory for 1835 (p. 171), the minister at that time was Robert Upton, who had previously ministered at Gray’s Walk, Lambeth, from 1822 to 1824; and at Westbourne Street, Chelsea, from 1824 to 1830.

   25. Chelsea, Lower Sloane Street and Paradise Street [Row], was formed in 1817. Its first minister was Owen Clarke (1817 to 1822), who was succeeded by William Hutchings [Hutchins] (the son of Thomas Hutchings [Hutchins] from 1824 to 1830, and then by Joseph Belcher (1794-1859) from 1831 to 1834. This congregation appears in both Cruchley’s (1834) (p. 78) and the Metropolitan Ecclesiastical Directory (1835) (p. 171). Hutchins was one of the ministers who signed A Letter to the Right Honble Lord Holland, occasioned by the Petition from the General Body of the Dissenting Ministers of London, for the Relief of the Roman Catholics (London: Holdsworth and Ball, 1829), p. 13.

   26. Chelsea, Westbourne Street, was formed as a Baptist meeting in 1824, with Robert Upton the initial minister. After his departure in 1830, the congregation may have experienced a period without a statement minister, for the congregation appears in Cruchley’s Picture of London (1834), p. 78; and the Metropolitan Ecclesiastical Directory for 1835, p. 171, but without a minister.

   27. Church Lane, Whitechapel, was a General Baptist meetinghouse since 1763, and was the location of the formation of the General Baptist New Connexion in 1770. Dan Taylor  (1738-1816) was the primary minister from 1785 to 1816. This congregation opened branches in Poplar in 1787 and Mile End.

   28. City Road, Regent Street, had a congregation of Baptists meeting here in 1834 according to according to Cruchley’s Picture of London (p. 79) and and the Metropolitan Ecclesiastical Directory for 1835, p. 171, though no minister is listed.

   29. Clement’s Lane, Strand, Enon Chapel, led by William House, Sr. (d. c. 1835/36) from 1822-35, and then by his son, William House, Jr. (1808-83) from 1837 to 1850. The Baptist Magazine for 1835 (p. 558) has J. Wallis serving as minister that year.

   30. Commercial Road, Charles Street off Berner Street, organized as a General Baptist congregation in 1811 in Artillery Lane, having split from Church Lane in Mile End; according to Whitley, they disbanded in 1814.

   31. Commercial Road, Galilee Chapel, was listed as a Baptist work in Cruchley’s Picture of London for 1834 (p. 78) and the Metropolitan Ecclesiastical Directory for 1835, p. 171, though no minister is listed.  Not included in Whitley. Either this work or the following work was led by a Thomas Bright in 1831.

   32. Commercial Road, Jubilee Chapel, was listed as a Baptist work in Cruchley’s Picture of London for 1834 (p. 79) and the Metropolitan Ecclesiastical Directory for 1835, p. 171, though no minister is listed.  Not included in Whitley.

   33. Commercial Road became home to a New Connection General Baptist congregation in 1821, having moved there from Church Lane, Whitechapel under the ministry of Joseph Wallis (1796-1857), who succeeded Dan Taylor  in 1816 and who remained with the congregation until 1843. He was succeeded by G. W. Pegg (1820-61) in 1845.

   34. Coventry Street, Westminister, was formed in November 1811 from a group of some 45 members who left Grafton Street after the arrival of John Stevens from Boston.

   35. Cripplegate, Curriers’ Hall, was an early and prominent Particular Baptist congregation. Formed from the congregation originally formed by Hanserd Knollys (1599-1691), the congregation began meeting in Curriers’ Hall around 1705. Robert Skepp (1675-1721) was the minister from 1714-1721, followed by Humphrey Barrow from 1722 to 1727, John Morton in 1728, and John Brine (1703-65) from 1730 to 1765. He was succeeded by John Reynolds (1730-92), who served as minister from 1766 to 1792; Reynolds was succeeded by John Wilson, who served from 1798 to 1807, moving the congregation to Red Cross Street after the chapel’s lease expired in 1799.  Daniel Whitaker (1802-73) moved the congregation to Aldersgate Street around 1854. A group of 7th Day Baptists met at Curriers’ Hall in the 1790s, led by Robert Burnside (d. 1826), who took his group to Red Cross Street in 1799 (upon the destruction of Pinners’ Hall) and to Devonshire Square in 1812. He was succeeded by J. B. Shenston[e] in 1826, with only five members left of the 7th Day congregation. The last member died in 1863.

   36. Cumberland Street, Shoreditch, was a leading Scotch Baptist congregation in London for many years (an earlier group had met at Meetinghouse Alley from 1797 to 1810). The congregation was led by Joseph Rothery (1795-1876) from 1821 to 1857 (J. Freer was also ministering there in 1821); his co-pastor (from 1830 onward) was J. Winning. Rothery moved the congregation to Gee Street, Goswell Road, in 1831, and to Hoxton in 1835.

   37. Deptford, Church Street, was formed in 1801 as a joint venture of two General Baptist congregations, one already present and led by William Moon, and the other by the aging General Baptist minister, Joseph Brown (1730-1803), who led his small group from Worship Street there. Brown had previously ministered to the General Baptist congregation in Fair Street, Southwark, from 1767 to 1771, when it joined with some other General Baptist congregations in sharing Pinners’ Hall for a time before they moved to Bury Street and then to Worship Street. Upon Brown’s death, the two congregations became one under the leadership of Moon. The congregation continued in Deptford into the twentieth century.

   38. Deptford, Medway Place, in 1825 a mixed congregation of Baptists and Congregationalists began meeting (a group had been meeting there since 1790) led by John Kingsford (1770-1855), who finally formed an official church in 1835. Kingsford was one of the ministers who signed A Letter to the Right Honble Lord Holland, occasioned by the Petition from the General Body of the Dissenting Ministers of London, for the Relief of the Roman Catholics in 1829 (London: Holdsworth and Ball, 1829), p. 13. A split between the Baptists and Paedobaptists occurred at the time of Kingsford’s death in 1855, with the paedobaptists led by G. C. Smith; the Baptists remaining at Medway Place, led by Robert R. Finch (1820-93).

   39. Devonshire Square became the location of a Baptist congregation in the 1680s during the ministry of William Kiffin (1616-1701). 1727 the congregation was reconstituted and led by Sayer Rudd, who was succeeded by George Braithwaite (1681-1748), John Stevens (1722-78), Walter Richards, and John MacGowan (1726-80) though 1780. In 1781, Timothy Thomas (1753-1827) , from Bristol Baptist College, began his ministry at Devonshire Square, remaining until his death in 1827. He was succeeded by Thomas Price (1802-67), from 1827 to 1837; J. H. Hinton (1791-1873) from 1837 to 1863; and W. T. Henderson (1825-1911) from 1864 to 1884. Price was one of the ministers who signed A Letter to the Right Honble Lord Holland, occasioned by the Petition from the General Body of the Dissenting Ministers of London, for the Relief of the Roman Catholics (London: Holdsworth and Ball, 1829), p. 13.

   40. Eagle Street was formed in 1735 under the leadership of Andrew Gifford (1700-84). After his death, he was succeeded by Thomas Hopkins (1759-87), from 1785 to 1787; William Smith (1748-1821) from 1789 to 1801; and Joseph Ivimey (1773-1834) from 1805 to 1834. Ivimey was one of the ministers who signed A Letter to the Right Honble Lord Holland, occasioned by the Petition from the General Body of the Dissenting Ministers of London, for the Relief of the Roman Catholics (London: Holdsworth and Ball, 1829), p. 19.

   41. Eden Street, St. Pancras, formed as a New Connexion General Baptist congregation in 1827 (officially accepted by the Connexion in 1844) under the leadership of John Preston (c. 1776-1847) from Macclesfield. In 1842 the congregation moved to Melton Street off Euston Square, but the congregation did not survive after Preston’s death in 1847. Preston had formerly been at Great Suffolk Street, Southwark, from 1811 to 1815. He married the daughter of Dan Taylor of Mile End.

   42. Edward Street (see Brewer Street and Oxford Street above).

   43. Eldon Street, Moorfields, was formed as a Welsh Baptist congregation in 1823, with J. T. Rowlands (d. 1842) serving as minister from 1826 to 1835 (see the Metropolitan Ecclesiastical Directory for 1835, p. 171); he was succeeded by Daniel Rees in 1835, D. Jones in 1837, and W. L. Evans in 1844.  Rowlands was one of the ministers who signed A Letter to the Right Honble Lord Holland, occasioned by the Petition from the General Body of the Dissenting Ministers of London, for the Relief of the Roman Catholics (London: Holdsworth and Ball, 1829), p. 13.

   44. Ewer Street, Southwark, a mixed congregation, was led by William Crawford from 1777 to sometime around 1811.

   45. Fetter Lane, Elim Chapel (originally General Baptist), was led by the Particular Baptists Abraham Austin (1749-1816) from 1786 to 1816, and James Elvey (1780-1842) from 1817 to 1835. The chapel burned in 1788 but was rebuilt in 1790. Elvey was one of the ministers who signed A Letter to the Right Honble Lord Holland, occasioned by the Petition from the General Body of the Dissenting Ministers of London, for the Relief of the Roman Catholics (London: Holdsworth and Ball, 1829), p. 13.

   46. Founders’ Hall, Lothbury, was host to a Scotch Baptist congregation in 1834, according to Cruchley’s Picture of London (p. 78) and the Metropolitan Ecclesiastical Directory for 1835, p. 172. William Jones (1762-1846) joined with J. B. Hunter from Crouch End in organizing a group there in 1829. Jones had previously been at Windmill Street, Finsbury Square, from 1809 to 1829. He also helped Samuel Stennett at Cateaton Street in 1823. No minister was named in 1834 of 1835 for Founders’ Hall.

   47. Gainsford Street, Blackfields, Southwark, was organized by John Dolman c. 1754 as a Particular Baptist congregation. John Langford (d. 1790) led the congregation from 1766 to 1777 (he removed to Rose Lane, Ratcliff), followed by Michael Brown from 1778 to 1820, who led the congregation into Unitarianism.

   48. Goodman’s Fields, Little Prescott Street, was one of London’s leading Baptist congregations, formed in the 1630s.  It moved to Rosemary Branch off Prescott Street bounding Goodman’s Fields in 1726 during the ministry of Samuel Wilson (1703-1750). Abraham Booth (1734-1806) arrived in 1769 and remained until his death in 1806, after which he was succeeded by William Stephens (1765-1839) (1807-10), Thomas Griffin (1812-31), and Charles Stovel (1799-1883) (1832-83). The congregation moved to Commercial Street in 1855. Griffin was one of the ministers who signed A Letter to the Right Honble Lord Holland, occasioned by the Petition from the General Body of the Dissenting Ministers of London, for the Relief of the Roman Catholics in 1829 (London: Holdsworth and Ball, 1829), p. 13.

   49. Goodman’s Fields, Mill Yard, was one of London’s oldest locations for the Seventh-day Baptists, with groups meeting there from the early 1690s. In the 1730s, the congregation had diminished considerably; as a result, they began letting out the meetinghouse to other Baptist congregations besides those who were Seventh-day Baptists. Among its ministers were John Savage and John Maulden from 1711 to 1720; Robert Cornthwaite (1696-1755) from 1726 to 1752, Daniel Noble (1729-83) from 1755 to 1783, and Thomas Thomas (1759-1819), who met with a group of Particular Baptists there from 1788 to 1790, when the chapel burned. [Thomas appears to have continued with a group of Particular Baptists in the Mile End area for another decade or so before removing to Peckham, where he operated a school until his death in 1819.] By the early 1800s the congregation at Mill Yard largely consisted of a small group of female members who continued to worship as 7th Day Baptists. By 1829 and through at least 1835 they were led by John Brittain Shenston[e] (see the Metropolitan Ecclesiastical Directory for 1835, p. 172). He was one of the ministers who signed A Letter to the Right Honble Lord Holland, occasioned by the Petition from the General Body of the Dissenting Ministers of London, for the Relief of the Roman Catholics in 1829 (London: Holdsworth and Ball, 1829), p. 19.

   50. Goswell Road, Gee Street, had a congregation of Scotch Baptists meeting there in 1831, led by J. Winning and Joseph Rothery. In 1835, Rotherby moved his congregation to Buttesland Street. These were groups that traced their origins to the Scotch Baptists who worshiped at Store Street, Red Lion Square, in 1787, Glovers’ Hall in 1789, and at Meeting-house Alley c. 1797-1810 (see the Metropolitan Ecclesiastical Directory for 1835, p. 172).

   51. Goswell Road, Spencer Place, was formed around 1815; its first minister was John Bolton (1783-1821), who was followed in 1821 by John Peacock (1779-1864), who remained until 1851 (see the Metropolitan Ecclesiastical Directory for 1835, p. 172). Peacock was one of the ministers who signed A Letter to the Right Honble Lord Holland, occasioned by the Petition from the General Body of the Dissenting Ministers of London, for the Relief of the Roman Catholics (London: Holdsworth and Ball, 1829), p. 13.

   52. Gower Street, Bloomsbury, was opened in September 1820 by William Gadsby (1773-1844), after which the congregation was led by Henry Fowler (b. 1779) until 1838.

   53. Grafton Street, Soho, had a long history. John Martin ministered there from 1774 to 1795 before moving his congregation to a new chapel in Keppel Street. Grafton Street chapel was not located near Fitzroy Square to the north near Marylebone but rather just to the west of Seven Dials in Soho, crossing Litchfield Street from Moor Street on the north to Gerrard Street to the south. Upon the departure of Martin’s congregation, a group led by Richard Burnham (1749-1810), who had previously met in Brewer Street and Edward Street (near Golden Square between Wardour and Berwick Streets at Broad Street), assumed the premises of the Grafton Street chapel. After Burnham’s death in 1810, John Stevens (1776-1847) became the pastor, but in 1813 moved his followers to York Street and then to his massive chapel in Meard’s Court, off Wardour Street, in 1824.  After Stevens’ departure from Grafton Street, William Williams (1773-1847) brought a small group to the chapel there and continued there until his death in 1847. Williams was one of the ministers who signed A Letter to the Right Honble Lord Holland, occasioned by the Petition from the General Body of the Dissenting Ministers of London, for the Relief of the Roman Catholics (London: Holdsworth and Ball, 1829), p. 13.

   54. Great Alie [Alyliffe] Street, Goodman’s Fields, was also known at this time as the Zoar Chapel; it was an old chapel (used by Presbyterians in the early 1700s) but became home to a small Particular Baptist group in 1807 led by John Bailey (1778-1830), who remained there until 1824. Baptists were still meeting there in 1834, according to Cruchley’s Picture of London for 1834 (p. 78) and the Metropolitan Ecclesiastical Directory for 1835, p. 172).

   55. Greenwich, London Street, a mixed congregation formed in 1760, led by John Knipe until 1768. They were still meeting as a mixed-communion group in 1772 under someone named Lockear and Richard Hutchings (d. 1804), the latter coming from Meetinghouse Yard in Bermondsey, where he had ministered from 1760 to 1772. Upon his death in 1804, he was succeeded by Mark Ball, who hired the old Huguenot chapel. He left c. 1823 and was replaced by William Belsher (1765-1849), who moved the congregation to a new building in Bridge Street, the old meeting house being taken by the Methodists. Belsher remained there until 1842. Belsher was one of the ministers who signed A Letter to the Right Honble Lord Holland, occasioned by the Petition from the General Body of the Dissenting Ministers of London, for the Relief of the Roman Catholics (London: Holdsworth and Ball, 1829), p. 13.

   56. Hackney, Mare Street, was organized first at Shore Place, its original group having left Goodman’s Fields in 1796. John Rance was the first stated minister from 1798 to 1807, followed by W. Bradley (c. 1768-1818) in 1808 and Francis Augustus Cox (1783-1853) from 1811 to 1853. Cox, who had previously been at Cambridge and Clipston, moved the congregation to Mare Street in Hackney in 1812. Cox was one of the ministers who signed A Letter to the Right Honble Lord Holland, occasioned by the Petition from the General Body of the Dissenting Ministers of London, for the Relief of the Roman Catholics in 1829 (London: Holdsworth and Ball, 1829), p. 19.

   57. Hackney, Wellington Place, Shacklewell, was formed in 1822 by James Bissett (d. 1859), who came from a congregation meeting in Stoke Newington, where he had been since 1819. He was succeeded by C. T. Mileham in 1828, and he by C. B. Woodman in 1831 (Woodman was at Artillery Street in 1835, having gone there in 1833). Mileham was one of the ministers who signed A Letter to the Right Honble Lord Holland, occasioned by the Petition from the General Body of the Dissenting Ministers of London, for the Relief of the Roman Catholics (London: Holdsworth and Ball, 1829), p. 13, though the document has his name as “T. C. Mileham.”

   58. Hammersmith, West End, was formed from some members of an earlier group led by Daniel Gillard in the 1780s at Ebenezer. In 1793, some members of that disbanded congregation reorganized as a Baptist meeting under the leadership of John Sandys (d. 1803), who served from 1795 to 1799. He was followed by Thomas Uppadine (1769-1837) from 1803 to his death in 1837. Uppadine was one of the ministers who signed A Letter to the Right Honble Lord Holland, occasioned by the Petition from the General Body of the Dissenting Ministers of London, for the Relief of the Roman Catholics (London: Holdsworth and Ball, 1829), p. 13.

   59. Hampstead, Hollybush Hill, known as Bethel Chapel, was formed in 1818 by James Castledon (1778-1854), who remained as minister there until 1852, not long before his death. The Metropolitan Ecclesiastical Directory for 1835 (p. 172) and the Baptist Magazine’s list of Baptist ministers in 1835 (p. 558) mistakenly list the minister as “M. Castledon.”

   60. Hampstead, Christchurch Passage, a congregation named “Ebenezer” was formed in 1825 by Charles Robinson, who built a chapel there in 1829. He left in 1832 for North Road, Old Brentford. He was succeeded by R. Livermore in 1836, who remained until 1849. It is unclear if this is the same congregation listed as “Hampstead Road” in the Metropolitan Ecclesiastical Directory for 1835, p. 172, mainly because the minister was recorded as J. Preston.

   61. Henrietta Street, Brunswick Square, was formed in 1822 by William Belsher [Belcher] (1765-1849) and his group from Burton Street.  In 1827 he accepted the pastorate at London Street in Greenwich; his successor in 1828 was Thomas Thomas (1805-81), who had just finished his studies at Stepney College. Thomas remained at Henrietta Street until 1836, when he removed to Pontypool. He is not to be confused with the Thomas Thomas (1759-1819) who ministered for many years at Mill Yard in London.

   62. Highgate had a Baptist meeting in 1834, according to Cruchley’s Picture of London for 1834 (p. 79). Edward Lewis was there in 1835 (Baptist Magazine, p, 558), and apparently as early as 1829, for he was one of the ministers who signed A Letter to the Right Honble Lord Holland, occasioned by the Petition from the General Body of the Dissenting Ministers of London, for the Relief of the Roman Catholics (London: Holdsworth and Ball, 1829), p. 13.

   63. Homerton Row, Homerton, was formed in 1817 and led by Thomas Eason (1782-1851) from 1817 to 1835. Eason was one of the ministers who signed A Letter to the Right Honble Lord Holland, occasioned by the Petition from the General Body of the Dissenting Ministers of London, for the Relief of the Roman Catholics (London: Holdsworth and Ball, 1829), p. 14.

   64. John Street Chapel was formed in 1818 under the leadership of James Harington Evans (1785-1849), who had formerly been an Anglican but had recently adopted Baptist principles. His movement away from Trinitarianism in 1819 led to his disassociation by the other London Baptist churches until 1826, when, after formally recanting his earlier position, his congregation came into full fellowship with the Particular Baptist churches in London. His successor was Baptist Noel (1798-1873), 1849-68, after he also had succeeded from the Anglican communion in 1848. The Baptist Magazine (1835, p. 558) has Evans commencing at John Street in 1816, but that is incorrect.

   65. Kensington, near the Gravel pits, a group began meeting c. 1823, with William Southwood arriving in 1825 as the first stated minister of the congregation. According to the Baptist Magazine (1835, p. 558), the minister at that time was John Broad (1809-58), who ministered there from 1832 to 1841, when he removed to Tilehouse, in Hitchin. In 1852 the congregation moved to Westbourne Grove, Bayswater.

   66. Keppel Street became the location in 1795 of John Martin’s congregation that had been meeting in Grafton Street. Martin (1741-1820) continued as minister until 1814, when he was succeeded by George Pritchard (1773-1852), who remained there until 1837. Pritchard was one of the ministers who signed A Letter to the Right Honble Lord Holland, occasioned by the Petition from the General Body of the Dissenting Ministers of London, for the Relief of the Roman Catholics (London: Holdsworth and Ball, 1829), p. 13.

   67. Kingston-on-Thames, Union Street, was formed in 1790 under Thomas Mabbott (1742-1800). Mabbott left in 1791, with pastoral duties assumed by Isaac Phillemore (c. 1762-1830), who served as the stated minister from 1794 to his death in 1830. He was succeeded by J. Franks, J. Page, R. E. Webster, and W. Collings from 1831 to 1856.

   68. Kirby Street, Hatton Garden, had a Baptist chapel in 1834, according to Cruchley’s Picture of London for 1834 (p. 79) and the Metropolitan Ecclesiastical Directory for 1835, p. 172; the congregation was not mentioned in the Baptist Magazine list for 1835. A congregation of Welsh Baptists began meeting at 18 Kirby Street in February 1822 under Daniel Davies but later that year moved to Broad Wall in Blackfriars, which later moved to Chapel Court near High Street, in the Borough. Davies was also involved in forming a Welsh Baptist congregation in Eldon Street, Moorfields, in 1823 and where J. B. Shenston[e] came in 1826 with a group of 7th Day Baptists who met on Saturdays prior to his going to Mill Yard. Davies left Eldon Street in 1827, but it appears the congregation remained, as the 1835 Directory implies, despite the absence from the Baptist Magazine account.

   69. Lambeth, Gray’s Walk, Princes Street, was formed in 1821 and led by Robert Upton from 1822 to 1824, when he removed to Westbourne Street in Chelsea (1824-30) and then at College Street, Chelsea (1830-38). According to Whitley, he was followed at Gray’s Walk by John T. Jeffery in 1824 and Eleil Davis in 1834. However, The Baptist Magazine (1835, p. 564) has Davis still at Gray’s Walk since 1824, but that appears to be in error.

   70. Lambeth, Waterloo Road, was formed in 1822 and led by a Mr. Haslem, who was followed by Arthur Triggs (1787-1859) from 1841 to 1847.

   71. Lisle Street was formed in in 1822 by a group who did not move to Meard’s Court under John Stevens. The first minister at Lisle Street was George Comb (1782-1841); in 1825 he moved the congregation to the Soho Chapel at 406 Oxford Street, where he remained as minister until his death in 1841. The chapel continued in that location until 1885. They joined the Strict and Particular Baptist Association in 1871.

   72. Little Alie [Alyiff] Street, was home to a Baptist meeting in 1834, according to Cruchley’s Picture of London for 1834 (p. 79) and the Metropolitan Ecclesiastical Directory for 1835, p. 172, where the minister was listed as William Shenston[e] (d. 1833). He was one of the ministers who signed A Letter to the Right Honble Lord Holland, occasioned by the Petition from the General Body of the Dissenting Ministers of London, for the Relief of the Roman Catholics in 1829 (London: Holdsworth and Ball, 1829), p. 19. Shenstone died in 1833, so the 1835 listing is incorrect. The Baptist Magazine (1835, p. 558) has a P. Dickerson ministering in 1835, having arrived there in 1833, which would correspond with Shenstone’s death in 1833. Shenstone was the elder brother of John Brittain Shenston[e] (d. 1844), who served for a time as minister to the Mill Yard 7th Day Baptist congregation in the 1830s.

   73. Little Wild Street was one of London’s older congregations, led for a time by Joseph Stennett II (1737-58) and his successor, Samuel Stennett (1758-95). Benjamin Coxhead (1772-1851) and Thomas Waters (1786-1838) led the congregation in the first decade of the 19th century, followed by John Edwards in 1816 and James Hargreaves (1768-1845) from 1822 to 1829, after which the church was closed for a few years. Hargreaves was one of the ministers who signed A Letter to the Right Honble Lord Holland, occasioned by the Petition from the General Body of the Dissenting Ministers of London, for the Relief of the Roman Catholics (London: Holdsworth and Ball, 1829), p. 13. In 1835, Christopher Woollacott became the minister (Baptist Magazine, 1835, p. 558).

   74. Maiden Lane, Covent Garden, was led by William Dovey (fl. 1823-60) (they met initially at Short’s Gardens, Drury Lane), from 1821 to 1827, after which he removed to Dockhead, Bermondsey, and then Jamaica Row in Rotherhithe, till 1846.

   75. Marylebone, Church Street, near Paddington, formed initially in the home of a Mrs. Ludford in Praed Street in 1828. They hired the Tabernacle (built in 1818) till Enon chapel was built on New Church Street by Henry Wileman in 1831. The congregation joined the New Connexion in 1832, first under James Ferneyhough (c. 1810-98) and then the lengthy ministry of Jabez Burns (1805-76) from 1835 to 1876.

   76. Meard’s Court, Salem Chapel, in Dean Street-Wardour Street, Soho, was a new chapel built in 1823 for the ministry of John Stevens (1776-1847), formerly at Grafton Street and York Street; he preached at Meard’s Court until his death in 1847.

   77. Mitcham, in South London near Morden, was formed in 1790 by the bookseller lay preacher John Marsom (formerly associated with Samuel Stennett) as a General Baptist church; it merged with the General Baptist meeting in Worship Street in 1796. Marsom had previously founded a Baptist work in Margaret Street, off Oxford Street, c. 1780, which was absorbed into a work started by Ebenezer Smith in 1782, which he moved to Elim Chapel, Fetter Lane, in 1785. He was succeeded that year by Abrahan Austin, which led Marsom in 1790 to form the church at Mitcham.

   78. Mitchell Street, St. Luke’s, Finsbury, was led by Thomas Powell (1749-1829), 1783-1829; his successor was John Andrews Jones (1779-1868), 1831-66, although the Metropolitan Ecclesiastical Directory for 1835, p. 173, does not list a minister for that year. The Baptist Magazine (1835, p. 558) lists Jones as minister since 1831.

   79. Northampton Street, St. Pancras, between King’s Cross and Finsbury, was a Scotch Baptist congregation formed by J. Hall (Breed suggests this is possibly John Keen Hall) in 1826 (organized in 1829), building a chapel there in 1830. Hall remained there until 1845; he was joined by J. Hewitt from 1836 to 1843.

   80. Oxford Street (no. 406), Soho Chapel, was led by Evan Herbert for most of 1822 and 1823, before he removed to Eden Street, Hampstead Road. Herbert had formerly attended in Edward Street during the ministry of Thomas Simmonds from 1811 to 1818, when that group first moved to Oxford Street. When Herbert arrived at Soho in 1822, he also had a group who had formerly been members of John Steven’s congregation in York Street prior to his move to Meard’s Court. In 1835, the minister was J. Coombs (see the Metropolitan Ecclesiastical Directory for 1835, p. 172) and The Baptist Magazine (1835, p. 558).

   81. Parliament Court, near Artillery Lane, had once been home to a Universalist Baptist congregation led by Elhanan Winchester (1751-97) in the late 1780s in the deserted Huguenot chapel there. William Vidler took over for Winchester in 1794 when the former returned to America. In 1801 Vidler, for many years a Unitarian, left the congregation, which soon became a General Baptist meeting, with some of the more orthodox leaving the congregation. When Vidler died in 1816, William Johnson Fox (1786-1864) took over, eventually taking the congregation to a new location in South Place, Finsbury, in 1824. That same year a new congregation was established in Parliament Court by Samuel Stennett (1780-1841) (the son of the 7th day Baptist minister, Benjamin Stennett), and J. Winning, who was the 7th day Baptist minister at Cumberland Street, Shoreditch (later at Gee Street, Goswell Road), 1824-31. Stennett had previously been at Cateaton Street in 1823; he remained less than two years at Parliament Court, for the congregation had become primarily a Scotch Baptist [Sandemanian] church.

   82. Poplar, High Street, was a mixed congregation formed in 1796 by William Broady [Brodie], who came from Potters Bar in Middlesex, maintaining a congregation in Poplar until 1810. After the formation of the meeting in Cotton Street (see below), the church declined some but continued under a Rev. Bennett, T. Rowland, Thomas Davies, the latter serving from 1851 to 1881. 

   83. Poplar, Cotton Street, was formed in 1805. Its primary ministers include John Coles (1781-1842) from 1813 to 1819; Josiah Denham from 1820 to 1821; and James Upton Jr. (1788-1867), son of James Upton at Church Street, Southwark, from 1821-43.  The younger Upton joined his father as one of the ministers who signed A Letter to the Right Honble Lord Holland, occasioned by the Petition from the General Body of the Dissenting Ministers of London, for the Relief of the Roman Catholics (London: Holdsworth and Ball, 1829), p. 13.

   84. Potter’s Bar was formed in 1795 under Robert Gale. He was followed by William Broady [Brodie] and by Samuel Bligh in 1810. Charles Holmes ministered there from 1823 to at least 1835, redating the organization of the church to 1825 (Holmes is listed as the minister in the Baptist Magazine for 1835, p. 558). Richard Ware (c. 1806-77) succeeded Holmes, remaining until his death in 1877.  Samuel Bligh apparently continued as a minister somewhere in the London area into 1829, for he was one of the ministers who signed A Letter to the Right Honble Lord Holland, occasioned by the Petition from the General Body of the Dissenting Ministers of London, for the Relief of the Roman Catholics (London: Holdsworth and Ball, 1829), p. 13.

   85. Red Cross Street had a Baptist congregation meeting there in the 1760 and ’70s, led first by Thomas Craner (1716-73) and, between 1773 and 1780, by William Augustus Clarke, after which the congregation disbanded and joined with other Baptist congregations. In 1799 Red Cross Street became home to a Particular Baptist group from Curriers’ Hall, Cripplegate (the lease had run out at that location), led by John Wilson, and a 7th day Baptist congregation, also from Curriers’ Hall, led by Robert Burnside (d. 1826), the latter group leaving in 1812 for Devonshire Square. Jonathan Franklin succeeded Wilson, remaining until c. 1827, when he removed to Chapel Street in Mile End.  A group was still there in 1834 and 1835 (see the Metropolitan Ecclesiastical Directory for 1835, p. 172, and The Baptist Magazine for 1835, p. 558) though no minister is listed).

   86. Romney Street, Westminster, was formed in 1815, having met since 1807 in Panton Street and then Lewisham Street under the ministry of Henry Paice, being formally recognized by the Particular Baptists in 1817. Paice left in 1823 and was succeeded by Christopher Woollacott (1789-1879), who moved the congregation that year to Romney Street in 1828 (the Metropolitan Ecclesiastical Directory for 1835, p. 173, lists him as “G. Wollacott”). Woollacott continued there until 1835, when he became minister at Little Wild Street. The congregation in Romney Street continued to meet well into the 20th century.  Woollacott was one of the ministers who signed A Letter to the Right Honble Lord Holland, occasioned by the Petition from the General Body of the Dissenting Ministers of London, for the Relief of the Roman Catholics (London: Holdsworth and Ball, 1829), p. 13. Woolacott was succeeded by S. Hewlett in 1834.

   87. Rotherhithe, Medway Place, along Deptford Road at Lower Road, had a Baptist meeting in 1834, according to Cruchley’s Picture of London for 1834 (p. 79) and the Metropolitan Ecclesiastical Directory for 1835, p. 173, with John Kingsford listed as the minister. Kingsford (1770-1855) had previously served at Battersea Fields (1802-25). He served at Medway Place from 1825 until his death in 1855. The chapel was built and organized in 1790 under Thomas Beck (c. 1755-1844), a Calvinistic Methodist minister, on his property, so it was not specifically as a Baptist chapel at that time. Kingsford was Beck’s son-in-law.

   88. Salters’ Hall had a Baptist congregation meeting there in 1834, according to Cruchley’s Picture of London (p. 79), the Metropolitan Ecclesiastical Directory for 1835, p. 172, and The Baptist Magazine (1835, p. 558), with John Eustace Giles (1805-75) listed as the minister. Giles served at Salters’ Hall from 1830 to 1836, at which time he removed to South Parade, Leeds, where he served until 1845.

   89. Shouldham Street, Marylebone, near Paddington, was organized by Thomas Oughton in 1809. He was succeeded in 1816 John C. George (1769-1846), who remained as minister until 1846.Titchfield Street, Oxford Street, was formed under John Buck in 1819, according to Whitley.

   90. Tottenham had a Baptist congregation meeting there in 1834, according to Cruchley’s Picture of London (p. 79), connected at that time with the Baptist Board. According to the Metropolitan Ecclesiastical Directory for 1835, p. 173, the minister was John Jordan Davies (d. 1858), a Welshman who served there from 1828 to 1845.

   91. Southwark, Carter Lane, near Tooley Street, was one of London’s oldest congregations, achieving considerable stature during the ministries of Benjamin Keach (1640-1704), Benjamin Stinton (1676-1719), and John Gill (1697-1771) (Gill moved the congregation to Carter Lane from the Goat Yard, Horsleydown, Southwark, in 1757). John Rippon (1751-1836) succeeded Gill in 1774 and continued as minister of the congregation until his death in 1836. In 1833 Rippon moved the congregation to New Park Street, near Elephant and Castle, which would be the location upon which C. H. Spurgeon (1834-92) would build his great Metropolitan Tabernacle 1861, the same location the congregation resides at today. Rippon was one of the ministers who signed A Letter to the Right Honble Lord Holland, occasioned by the Petition from the General Body of the Dissenting Ministers of London, for the Relief of the Roman Catholics (London: Holdsworth and Ball, 1829), p. 13.

   92. Southwark, Crosby Row, just south of King Street, was home to a Baptist congregation formed by T. E. Wycherley between 1835 and 1840. It was reorganized by C. W. Banks in 1844, who remained there until 1852.

   93. Southwark, Dean Street, was formed in 1774 as a split from Carter Lane at the time of the calling of John Rippon as pastor. William Button (1754-1821) became the first minister of the congregation, remaining in the capacity through 1815, when he resigned due to poor health. He was succeeded by John Mockett Cramp in 1818; he was succeeded by Benjamin Lewis in 1827, who remained until 1852. Lewis moved the congregation to Trinity Place in 1835. Lewis was one of the ministers who signed A Letter to the Right Honble Lord Holland, occasioned by the Petition from the General Body of the Dissenting Ministers of London, for the Relief of the Roman Catholics (London: Holdsworth and Ball, 1829), p. 13. The church disbanded in the 1890s.

   94. Southwark, Great Suffolk Street, was established as a New Connexion General Baptist congregation in 1811 through the work of Dan Taylor; he set up his son-in-law, John Preston, as the first minister there from 1811 to 1815. William Henry Black (1808-72) was a member at Great Suffolk Street in the late 1820s. He would later become a significant figure among the London 7th day Baptists associated first with the congregation in Eldon Street and then, from 1840 to 1872, the Mill Yard congregation. Preston was succeeded by John Farrent (1783-1832) in 1817. The Metropolitan Ecclesiastical Directory for 1835, p. 173, incorrectly lists the minister as John Tarrant. Farrent was one of the ministers who signed A Letter to the Right Honble Lord Holland, occasioned by the Petition from the General Body of the Dissenting Ministers of London, for the Relief of the Roman Catholics (London: Holdsworth and Ball, 1829), p. 13. Whitley has John Stevenson (1807-78) there through 1832, but the Metropolitan Directory incorrectly places Farrant there through 1835. The Baptist Magazine (1835, p. 559) correctly lists Stevenson, but without a starting date for his ministry, which would have been after 1832. Stevenson moved the congregation to Borough Road in 1839 into one of the largest Dissenting chapels in all of London at that time. Stevenson was succeeded by C. T. Keen (1823-1912) in 1855.

   95. Southwark, Maze Pond, just south of Tooley Street, was the home of a Particular Baptist congregation beginning in 1725. In 1741 Benjamin Wallin (1711-82) became the minister, remaining in the capacity until 1781; he was succeeded by James Dore (1764-1825) in 1784, who served as minister until 1815. He was followed by James Hoby (1788-1871) until 1826 and by Isaac Mann (1785-1831) from 1826 to his death in 1831. Mann was one of the ministers who signed A Letter to the Right Honble Lord Holland, occasioned by the Petition from the General Body of the Dissenting Ministers of London, for the Relief of the Roman Catholics (London: Holdsworth and Ball, 1829), p. 13. Mann was succeeded in 1834 by J. Watts.

   96. Southwark, Snow’s Fields, was organized c. 1805 by George Francis (1767-1848) in a room near London Bridge; he moved his congregation to a chapel in Snowfields in 1813 and officially organized them that year. He continued at Snowfields until his retirement in 1845. He was succeeded by Thomas Stringer (d. 1887) from 1845 to 1852. See the Metropolitan Ecclesiastical Directory for 1835, p. 173, and The Baptist Magazine (1835, p. 559).

   97. Southwark, Trinity Place, [formerly Great Suffolk Street East] had a General Baptist (Unitarian) congregation meeting there in 1834, according to Cruchley’s Picture of London (p. 79) and the Metropolitan Ecclesiastical Directory for 1835, p. 173, with the latter listing Joseph Calrow Means (1801-79) as minister (according to Breed, he served there from 1829 to 1839, but also at Cole Street during that time). British History Online (https://www.british-history.ac.uk/survey-london/vol25/pp105-116) offers a very different account of the chapel: “The derelict building between Trio Place and Swan Street, formerly known as Trinity Chapel . . . was built in 1835 for the "Church & Congregation of Particular Baptists, late of Dean Street, Canterbury Square" by Joseph Armitage.” This would be correct, for living at No. 56 Trinity Square in 1856 was Benjamin Lewis, the minister at Trinity Chapel and previously at Dean Street. It is possible both are true, with the British History Online account incorrectly noting the chapel’s origination date. It appears that Means had a congregation there between 1829 and 1835, which was then occupied upon his removal to nearby Cole Street (built in 1824) in 1835 by Lewis and his group from Dean Street. This section around current day Trinity Church and Square was built just after the 1819 Horwood map appeared.

   98. Southwark, Unicorn Yard, just off Tooley Street, was formed as a Baptist congregation in 1720 in a split from the congregation in Goat Yard, formerly led by Benjamin Keach (1640-1704) and then his son-in-law, Benjamin Stinton (1676-1719). William Arnold (1692-1734) was the first minister at the new meeting in Unicorn Yard, followed by Thomas Flower (1706-67) from 1736 to 1744; Josiah Thompson (1724-1806) from 1746 to 1761 (assisted by Caleb Evans); William Nash Clarke (1732-95) from 1762 to 1785; Daniel Williams (1759-1841) from 1787 to 1795; Thomas Hutchings (1768-1827) from 1795 to 1828, succeeded by George Gibbs till 1834. Gibbs was one of the ministers who signed A Letter to the Right Honble Lord Holland, occasioned by the Petition from the General Body of the Dissenting Ministers of London, for the Relief of the Roman Catholics (London: Holdsworth and Ball, 1829), p. 13. Gibbs was succeeded in 1834 by D. Denham.

   99. Stoke Newington, Stamford Hill, had a Baptist meeting in 1834, according to Cruchley’s Picture of London (p. 79) and the Metropolitan Ecclesiastical Directory for 1835, p. 173, with no minister listed. George Pike served there from 1838 to 1845, when the congregation became Salem Chapel meeting in Church Street. Pike was succeeded by John Garritt in 1849 and William Dovey in 1856.

   100. Titchfield Street, Oxford Street, was formed under John Buck in 1819, according to Whitley.

   101. Tottenham had a Baptist congregation meeting there in 1834, according to Cruchley’s Picture of London (p. 79), connected at that time with the Baptist Board. According to the Metropolitan Ecclesiastical Directory for 1835, p. 173, the minister was John Jordan Davies (d. 1858), a Welshman who served there from 1828 to 1845.

   102. Upper Fountain Place (later called Nelson Place), just south of City Road, was home to what became known as Mount Zion Chapel; it was led by James Newborn (1783-1869), from 1820 to sometime in the early 1830s.

   103. Walworth, East Street [East Lane], was formed in 1791; John Swain (1761-96) was the first stated minister, followed by Joseph Jenkins (1747-1819) from 1798 to 1819. Upon the death of Jenkins in 1819, a splinter group formed a meeting in Alfred Place, Southwark. East Street continued under the leadership of Richard Davis (1768-1832), who served from 1820 to 1832, followed by Joseph Hamblin (1796-1867) from 1834-41. Davis was one of the ministers who signed A Letter to the Right Honble Lord Holland, occasioned by the Petition from the General Body of the Dissenting Ministers of London, for the Relief of the Roman Catholics (London: Holdsworth and Ball, 1829), p. 13.

   104. Walworth, Lion Street, was formed in 1805 as a spilt from East Street, led at that time by Joseph Jenkins (1743-1819). The first minister at Lion Street was John Chin (1773-1839), who served from 1807 to his death in 1839. Chin was one of the ministers who signed A Letter to the Right Honble Lord Holland, occasioned by the Petition from the General Body of the Dissenting Ministers of London, for the Relief of the Roman Catholics (London: Holdsworth and Ball, 1829), p. 13. Chin was assisted by Samuel Green beginning in 1834.

   105. Walworth, Horsley Street, was listed in The Baptist Magazine (1835, p. 559) as a Baptist meeting led by R. G. Lemaire, without a starting date for his ministry or for the meeting. Lemaire served there from 1834 to 1847.

   106. Wandsworth, Grafton Square, Clapham, was originated by the preaching of John Dolman of Gainsford Street in 1759; a stated minister, however, was not procured until John Ovington arrived in 1794, remaining at Wandsworth until 1832. He was succeeded by John Edwards from 1833 to 1841. Ovington was one of the ministers who signed A Letter to the Right Honble Lord Holland, occasioned by the Petition from the General Body of the Dissenting Ministers of London, for the Relief of the Roman Catholics (London: Holdsworth and Ball, 1829), p. 13; see also The Baptist Magazine (1835, p. 563).

   107. Wandsworth, Haldon Road, West Hill, formed in 1821, though the first stated minister appears to be William Ball (d. 1864), who served from 1843 to 1864 (births were recorded from 1816 and deaths from 1825).

   108. Wellclose Square, Mariner’s Church, in Cruchley’s Picture of London for 1834 (p. 79) and the Metropolitan Ecclesiastical Directory for 1835, p. 173, with George C. Smith listed as minister. He would later John Kingsford from 1846 to 1855 at Medway Place before becoming a Paedobaptist. Smith transformed the old Danish Chapel in the middle of the Square into his new chapel in the 1820s.

   109. White Chapel, Church Lane, had a congregation of New Connexion General Baptists meeting there from the 1760s. Dan Taylor (1738-1816) came from Halifax to begin his ministry at Church Lane in 1785. Along with his pastoral and teaching duties, Taylor also operated a bookshop in White Chapel for many years, continuing his work at Mile End until his death in 1816. In 1820 the congregation, under the leadership of Joseph Wallis (1796-1857), moved to Commercial Street, where Wallis remained until his death in 1857. Wallis was Secretary to the General Baptist New Connexion Annual Association from 1834 to 1843.

   110. White’s Alley, near Worship Street, was the location for a chapel built in 1781 that was used by four General Baptist congregations (Fair Street, Southwark, under Joseph Brown [d. 1803]; Paul’s Alley, under Charles Bulkley [1710-97]; the Barbican, under Daniel Noble [1729-83]; and Pinners’ Hall, under Joseph Jeffries [d. 1783]), alternating services once a fortnight. After Bulkley’s death, a group from Mitcham led by John Marsom joined. In 1798 they were led by John Simpson, then James Gilchrist in 1812, who was succeeded by David Eaton (d. 1829). At that time the congregation moved to Trinity Place, Borough, Southwark, and then to Coles Street and, in 1840, to Stamford Street as a Unitarian chapel. Before Eaton died, he was one of the ministers who signed A Letter to the Right Honble Lord Holland, occasioned by the Petition from the General Body of the Dissenting Ministers of London, for the Relief of the Roman Catholics (London: Holdsworth and Ball, 1829), p. 14.

   111. Willsted Street, Somerstown, St. Pancras, known as the “Beulah” congregation, was located first on Bill Street in 1797, then to Willsted Street in 1802, near the present day British Library and St. Pancras train station. The group was led by William Jarman (1764-1842) from 1797-1824; his successor was Charles Carpenter, 1826-41. The congregation appeared in Cruchley’s Picture of London (p. 79) and the Metropolitan Ecclesiastical Directory for 1835, p. 173, with the latter incorrectly listing the minister as J. Carpenter.

   112. Windmill Street, Finsbury Square, was organized in 1829 by William Jones, a Scotch Baptist; they were still meeting there in 1835, according to Cruchley’s Picture of London (p. 79), the Metropolitan Ecclesiastical Directory for 1835, p. 173, and The Baptist Magazine (1835, p. 559).

   113. Woolwich, High Street, was formed by Robert MacGregor (1715/6-1804) in the late 1740s but not organized with a chapel on Hog Lane until 1756-57. The congregation moved to High Street, where it remained into the 20th century. John Giles (c. 1758-1827) assisted MacGregor in 1790-91 as did John Penny from 1791 to 1797. MacGregor was succeeded in 1805 by his co-pastor William Culver (d. 1827), who was succeeded by William Blackwell Bowes (1803-58) from 1826 to 1835.

   114. Woolwich, Queen Street, was formed from some members from MacGregor’s congregation at Woolwich, High Street (see above), c. 1788. Adam Freeman (c. 1757-1839) was the first minister in 1789, building a chapel on Queen Street. He was joined on staff by John Cox (1802-78) in 1830, who succeeded Freeman from 1836 to 1854.

   115. Woolwich, Charles Street, was formed in 1807 as Bethlehem Chapel. Thomas Burnett  came in 1811, remaining until his death in 1841; he was succeeded by William Leader from 1843 to 1855.

   116. Wood Street, Finsbury, was formed as a Welsh Baptist congregation in February 1822, led by Evan Evans.

   117. Worship Street became a General Baptist Chapel in 1781 under the leadership of Daniel Noble, who had previously led his congregation at the Barbican from 1768. Noble died in 1783, and was succeeded by Anthony Robinson (1762-1827), a Bristol Baptist College graduate. Robinson ministered at Worship Street until 1790, when his former classmate at Bristol, John Evans (1767-1827), assumed the pastorate of the congregation, remaining in that capacity (he also operated a school) until his death in 1827. From its origination, Worship Street was a Unitarian General Baptist congregation. Evans was succeeded by Benjamin Mardon in 1828, remaining there into the early 1850s. See Metropolitan Ecclesiastical Directory for 1835, p. 173, where Mardon is also listed as the minister of a General Baptist meeting in Burton Crescent, St. Pancras.

   118. York Street, St. James’s Square, was formed with a group led by John Stevens from his congregation that met in Grafton Street c. 1810-1813; they met in York Street from 1813 to 1824, when Stevens moved his congregation to a new chapel in Meard’s Court.

Sources: A primary source for early Baptist congregations in London is still W. T. Whitley's The Baptists of London 1612-1928 (London: Kingsgate Press, [1928]), though not a perfect source by any means and certainly not the most user friendly. For Baptist ministers, the essential source is the Breed Index. For lists of churches and ministers, see Cruchley’s Picture of London (pp. 78-79); The Metropolitan Ecclesiastical Directory (1835), pp. 171-73; Baptist Magazine 1835, pp. 558-560; and A Letter to the Right Honble Lord Holland, occasioned by the Petition from the General Body of the Dissenting Ministers of London, for the Relief of the Roman Catholics in 1829 (London: Holdsworth and Ball, 1829), pp. 13-14, although a few of the ministers mentioned in the letter have not been located.

Extant Church Records pertaining to some of the above Congregations 

1.    London, Artillery Lane, Petty France, Baptist Meeting Church Book and Members List, 1675-1712, London Metropolitan Archive, CLC/179/MS20228/001B.

2.     London, Barbican Church Minute Book and Members List, 1699-1739, Angus Library, Regent’s Park College, Oxford.

3.     London, Barbican Members List, 1716, London Metropolitan Archive, MS20953/6.

4.     London, Barbican Members List, 1739, London Metropolitan Archive, MS20953/3.

5.      London, Barbican Church Minutes and Members List, 1700-1737, London Metropolitan Archive, MS20953/1.

6.     London, Blandford Street [Baptist] Church Book and Members List, 1791-1825, Evangelical Library, London.

7.      London, Blandford Street [Baptist] Register of Births, 1782-1820, Westminster Public Libraries, Archives, London.

8.     London, Bow, Old Ford, Church Minute Book, 1786-1818, Angus Library, Regent’s Park College, Oxford.

9.     London, Camberwell, Cold Harbour Baptist Church Minutes, 1803-1822, Angus Library, Regent’s Park College, Oxford

10.  London, Horsleydown and Carter Lane Church Book, 1719-1808, Metropolitan Tabernacle, London.

11.   London, Carter Lane and Park Street Church Book, 1808-1854, Metropolitan Baptist Tabernacle, London.

12.  London, Horsleydown and Carter Lane Church Book, 1719-1808, Metropolitan Tabernacle, London.

13.  London, Carter Lane and Park Street Church Book, 1808-1854, Metropolitan Baptist Tabernacle, London.

14.  London, Covent Garden [Baptist] Church Minute Book, 1691-1699, Angus Library, Regent’s Park College, Oxford.

15.  London, Curriers’ Hall, Cripplegate, London, Church Minute Book, 1692-1723, Angus Library, Regent’s Park College, Oxford

16.  London, Devonshire Square [Baptist] Account Book, MS 20235, London Metropolitan Archives.

17.   London, Devonshire Square [Baptist] Account Book, MS 20236, London Metropolitan Archives.

18.  London, Devonshire Square [Baptist] Account Book, MS 20237, London Metropolitan Archives.

19.  London, Devonshire Square [Baptist] Church Minute Book, MS 20228/1A, London Metropolitan Archives.

20. London, Devonshire Square [Baptist] Church Minute Book, MS 20228/1B, London Metropolitan Archives.

21.  London, Devonshire Square [Baptist] Church Minute Book, MS 20228/2, London Metropolitan Archives.

22.  London, Devonshire Square [Baptist] Church Minute Book, MS 20228/3, London Metropolitan Archives.

23.  London, Devonshire Square [Baptist] Church Minute Book, MS 20228/4, London Metropolitan Archives.

24. London, Devonshire Square [Baptist] Church Minute Book, MS 20228/5, London Metropolitan Archives.

25.  London, Devonshire Square [Baptist] Church Minute Book, MS 20228/6, London Metropolitan Archives.

26. London, Eagle Street [Baptist] Church Minute Book, 1737-1784, Angus Library, Regent’s Park College, Oxford

27.  London, Eagle Street [Baptist] Church Minute Book, 1785-1822, Angus Library, Regent’s Park College, Oxford

28. London, Eagle Street [Baptist] Church Minute Book, 1822-1846, Angus Library, Regent’s Park College, Oxford.

29. London, Elim [Baptist], Fetter Lane, Church Minute Book, 1794-1840, Angus Library, Regent’s Park College, Oxford

30. London, Elim [Baptist], Fetter Lane, Church Book, 1822-1835, Angus Library, Regent’s Park College, Oxford

31.  London, Glasshouse Yard, Goswell Street, London, Church Minute Book, 1680-1740, Angus Library, Regent’s Park College, Oxford.

32.  London, Goodman’s Fields [Baptist], Little Prescot Street, London, Church Minute Book, 1676-1711, Evangelical Library, London.

33.  London, Goodman’s Fields [Baptist], Little Prescot Street, London, Church Minute Book, 1725-1752, Evangelical Library, London.

34.  London, Goodman’s Fields [Baptist], Rosemary Branch, London, Church Minute Book, 1750-1770, Evangelical Library, London.

35.  London, Goodman’s Fields [Baptist], Little Prescot Street, London, Church Minute Book, 1752-1784, Evangelical Library, London.

36.  London, Goodman’s Fields [Baptist], Little Prescot Street, London, Church Minute Book, 1784-1832, Evangelical Library, London.

37.  London, Goodman’s Fields [Baptist], Little Prescot Street, London, Donations Book, 1841-1847, Evangelical Library, London.

38.  London, Goodman’s Fields [Baptist], Little Prescot Street, London, Church Legacies, 1827, Evangelical Library, London.

39.  London, Goodman’s Fields [Baptist], Little Prescot Street, London, Subscriptions, 1757-1799, Evangelical Library, London.

40. London, Goodman’s Fields [Baptist], Little Prescot Street, London, Subscriptions, 1770-1801, Evangelical Library, London.

41.  London, Goodman’s Fields [Baptist], Little Prescot Street, London, Subscriptions, 1802-1841, Evangelical Library, London.

42. London, Goodman’s Fields [Baptist], Little Prescot Street, London, Subscriptions, 1819-1853, Evangelical Library, London.

43. London, Hammersmith, Trinity Chapel [Baptist], West End, Burials, 1784-1814, and Births, 1783-1837, Society of Genealogists, London.

44. London, Keppel Street [Baptist], Church Minute Book, 1766-1776, Angus Library, Regent’s Park College, Oxford

45.  London, Keppel Street [Baptist], Church Minute Book, 1777-1795, Angus Library, Regent’s Park College, Oxford.

46. London, Keppel Street [Baptist], Church Minute Book, 1795-1826, Angus Library, Regent’s Park College, Oxford.

47.  London, Little Wild Street [Baptist] Church Minute Book, 1700-1715, Angus Library, Regent’s Park College, Oxford.

48. London, Little Wild Street [Baptist] Church Minute Book, 1715-1725, Angus Library, Regent’s Park College, Oxford.

49. London, Little Wild Street [Baptist] Church Minute Book, 1726-1735, Angus Library, Regent’s Park College, Oxford.

50. London, Little Wild Street [Baptist] Church Minute Book, 1736-1805, Angus Library, Regent’s Park College, Oxford.

51.   London, Mare Street [Baptist] Church Minute Book, 1796-1842, Hackney Archives.

52.  London, Maze Pond [Baptist] Church Minute Book, Vol. 1, 1690-1703, Angus Library, Regent’s Park College, Oxford.

53.  London, Maze Pond [Baptist] Church Minute Book, Vol. 2, 1704-1712, Angus Library, Regent’s Park College, Oxford.

54.  London, Maze Pond [Baptist] Church Minute Book, Vol. 3, 1713-1722, Angus Library, Regent’s Park College, Oxford.

55.  London, Maze Pond [Baptist] Church Minute Book, Vol. 4, 1722-1743, Angus Library, Regent’s Park College, Oxford.

56.  London, Maze Pond [Baptist] Church Minute Book, Vol. 5, 1744-1783, Angus Library, Regent’s Park College, Oxford.

57.  London, Maze Pond [Baptist] Church Minute Book, Vol. 6, 1784-1821, Angus Library, Regent’s Park College, Oxford.

58. London, Maze Pond [Baptist] Church Minute Book, Vol. 7, 1833-1840, Angus Library, Regent’s Park College, Oxford.

59.  London, Maze Pond [Baptist], Births, 1786-1830, RG4. 4195, PRO.

60. London, Mill Yard, Pinners’ Hall [Baptist] Church Minute Book, 1673-1845, Society of Genealogists.

61.  London, Mill Yard [7th day Baptists] Church Minute Book, 1686-1863, Society of Genealogists.

62. London, Paradise Walk [Baptist] (formerly Sloane Place, Knightsbridge) Church Minute Book and Members List, 1817-1823, Angus Library, Regent’s Park College, Oxford.

63.  London, Paradise Walk [Baptist] (formerly Sloane Place, Knightsbridge) Church Minute Book, 1824-1843, Angus Library, Regent’s Park College, Oxford.

64. London, Paradise Row [Baptist], Chelsea, Burials, 1800-1836, RG4/4142, PRO.

65.  London, Petticoat Lane [Baptist] Church Minute Book, 1766-1789, Angus Library, Regent’s Park College, Oxford.

66. London, Poplar, Cotton Street [Baptist] Church Minute Book, 1805-1820, Angus Library, Regent’s Park College, Oxford.

67.  London, Poplar, Cotton Street [Baptist] Church Minute Book, 1820-1824, Angus Library, Regent’s Park College, Oxford.

68. London, Poplar, Cotton Street [Baptist] Church Minute Book, 1825-1831, Angus Library, Regent’s Park College, Oxford.

69. London, Poplar, Cotton Street [Baptist] Seaman’s Society Minute Book, 1823-1835, Angus Library, Regent’s Park College, Oxford.

70.  London, Scots Church, London Wall [Baptist] Church Minute Book, 1786-1815, LMA.

71.   London, Unicorn Yard [Baptist] Church Minute Book, 1719-1820, Angus Library, Regent’s Park College, Oxford.

72.  London, Universal Church [Baptist], Parliament Court, Artillery Street, Bishopsgate, Births, 1789-1811, Society of Genealogists, MX/REG/47030

73.  London, Walworth, East Street [Baptist] Church Minute Book, 1805-1819, Angus Library, Regent’s Park College, Oxford.

74.  London, Walworth, East Street [Baptist] Church Trustee Minutes, 1779-1786, Angus Library, Regent’s Park College, Oxford.

75.  London, Walworth, Lion Street [Baptist] Church Minute Book, 1805-1829, Angus Library, Regent’s Park College, Oxford.

76.  London, Walworth, Lion Street [Baptist] Church Trustee Minutes, 1807-1809, Angus Library, Regent’s Park College, Oxford.

77.  London, Walworth, Lion Street [Baptist] Sunday School Minute Book, 1809-1822, Southwark Library and Archives, 1980/58.

78.  London, Walworth Auxiliary of the Baptist Itinerant Society and Baptist Home Missionary Society, 1815-1839, Angus Library, Regent’s Park College, Oxford.

79.  London, Worship Street [General Baptist] Church Minute Book, 1695-1855, Angus Library, Regent’s Park College, Oxford.

80. London, Worship Street [General Baptist] Church Miscellaneous Accounts, 1812-1830, Angus Library, Regent’s Park College, Oxford.

81.  London, Worship Street [General Baptist] Baptisms, 1796-1875, Angus Library, Regent’s Park College, Oxford.

82. London, Worship Street [General Baptist] Burials, 1785-1837, Angus Library, Regent’s Park College, Oxford.

83. London, Worship Street [General Baptist] Conduct Book Names, Angus Library, Regent’s Park College, Oxford.